Developing advanced manufacturing is the core engine for strengthening, improving, and expanding the real economy. In his important article published in *Qiushi* journal and recent remarks, General Secretary Xi Jinping has clearly called for \"accelerating the development of advanced manufacturing.\" To follow this path, we must answer four key questions well.

First, maintain a reasonable proportion and secure the fundamental base of manufacturing. Manufacturing is the cornerstone of the national economy, directly linked to technological innovation, industrial upgrading, employment stability, and national defense. We must be highly vigilant against the risk of a too-rapid or excessive decline in its share of GDP. Drawing lessons from the experiences of countries like Germany, Japan, and South Korea, which maintained a stable, high share, versus the pitfalls of premature \"deindustrialization\" in some Latin American nations, it is clear that once a reasonable manufacturing share is lost, recovery is extremely difficult. This bottom line must be firmly held.

Second, focus on high-end, intelligent, and green development as the main direction, accelerating the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy. Securing a reasonable share is not about protecting backward capacity but achieving a qualitative leap on a stable foundation. High-end development addresses the value chain hierarchy, requiring breakthroughs in core technologies. Intelligent development tackles production efficiency, emphasizing the practical application of digitalization and addressing bottlenecks in implementation like industrial software adaptation. Green development ensures sustainability, representing a new competitive high ground in international trade where taking the lead is crucial.

Third, unblock the channel from technological innovation to industrial innovation, accelerating the transformation of scientific achievements into real productivity. For advanced manufacturing to truly become \"advanced,\" it must be continuously driven by technological innovation. The focus must be on \"unblocking\" the pain points in this chain. Key steps include reforming the scientific research evaluation \"baton\" to better orient efforts toward real economic needs, prioritizing the construction of pilot-scale and validation platforms to bridge the \"valley of death,\" and strengthening the central role of enterprises—especially leading and specialized firms—in innovation decision-making and transformation.

Fourth, coordinate the upgrading of traditional industries, the expansion of emerging industries, and the cultivation of future industries to form a development pattern with orderly succession. Developing advanced manufacturing is not solely about pursuing cutting-edge sectors. Traditional industries, which form the bulk of manufacturing, are the \"ballast stone\" for stability and should be upgraded through technological transformation and digital empowerment where possible. Emerging industries are the main front for cultivating new growth drivers and require clustered development. Future industries are the strategic reserve for long-term advantage and need forward-looking cultivation. The key to coordination lies in acting according to local conditions, allowing different regions to leverage their strengths and avoid redundant, homogenized development. This tiered and synergistic approach will create a vibrant landscape for manufacturing advancement.